Board Thread:Fun and Games/@comment-26318250-20191115221844/@comment-34414087-20191124042120

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Minecraft is a sandbox video game created by Swedish developer Markus Persson, released by Mojang in 2011 and purchased by  Microsoft in 2014. It is the single best-selling video game of all time, selling over 180 million copies across all platforms by late 2019, with over 112 million monthly active players.

In Minecraft, players explore an intentionally blocky, pixelated procedurally generated 3D world, and may discover and extract raw materials, craft tools, build structures or earthworks, and, depending on game mode, can fight computer-controlled foes, as well as either cooperate with or compete against other players in the same world. These modes include a survival mode, in which players must acquire resources to build the world and maintain health, and a creative mode, where players have unlimited resources. In the  Java Edition, players can modify the game with mods to create new gameplay mechanics, items, textures and assets.

Minecraft is critically acclaimed, winning numerous awards, and has been described as one of the most influential and greatest video games of all time. Social media, parodies, adaptations, merchandise, and the annual MineCon conventions played large roles in popularizing the game. It has also been used in educational environments, especially in the realm of computing systems, as virtual computers and hardware devices have been built in it. A number of spin-off games have also been developed, such as Minecraft: Story Mode, Minecraft Earth, and Minecraft Dungeons.

Minecraft is a 3D sandbox game that has no specific goals to accomplish, allowing players a large amount of freedom in choosing how to play the game.[20]  However, there is an achievement system.[21]  Gameplay is in the first-person perspective by default, but players have the option for third-person perspective.[22]  The game world is composed of rough 3D objects—mainly cubes and fluids, and commonly called "blocks"—representing various materials, such as dirt, stone, ores, tree trunks, water, and lava. The core gameplay revolves around picking up and placing these objects. These blocks are arranged in a 3D grid, while players can move freely around the world. Players can "mine" blocks and then place them elsewhere, enabling them to build things.[23]

The game world is virtually infinite and procedurally generated as players explore it, using a map seed that is obtained from the system clock at the time of world creation (or manually specified by the player).[24] [25] [26]  There are limits on vertical movement, but Minecraft allows an infinitely large game world to be generated on the horizontal plane. Due to technical problems when extremely distant locations are reached, however, there is a barrier preventing players from traversing to locations beyond 30,000,000 blocks from the center.[nb 1]  The game achieves this by splitting the world data into smaller sections called "chunks" that are only created or loaded when players are nearby.[24]  The world is divided into biomes ranging from deserts to jungles to snowfields;[27] [28]  the terrain includes plains, mountains, forests, caves, and various lava/water bodies.[26]  The in-game time system follows a day and night cycle, and one full cycle lasts 20 real-time minutes.



A few of the monsters in Minecraft, displayed from left to right: the zombie, spider, enderman, creeper, and skeleton.

New players have a randomly selected default character skin of either Steve or Alex,[29]  but the option to create custom skins was made available in 2010.[30]  Players encounter various non-player characters known as mobs, such as animals, villagers, and hostile creatures.[31]  Passive mobs, such as cows, pigs, and chickens, can be hunted for food and crafting materials. They spawn in the daytime, while hostile mobs—including large spiders, skeletons, and zombies—spawn during nighttime or in dark places such as caves.[26]  Some hostile mobs, such as zombies, skeletons and drowned (underwater versions of zombies), burn under the sun if they have no headgear.<sup id="cite_ref-40">[32]  Other creatures unique to Minecraft include the creeper (an exploding creature that sneaks up on the player) and the enderman (a creature with the ability to teleport, pick up, and place blocks).<sup id="cite_ref-Eurogamer_41-0">[33]  There are also variants of mobs that spawn in different conditions; for example, zombies have husk variants that spawn in deserts.<sup id="cite_ref-42">[34]

Many commentators have described the game's physics system as unrealistic.<sup id="cite_ref-Minecraft_In_Education_43-0">[35]  Liquids continuously flow for a limited horizontal distance from source blocks, which can be removed by placing a solid block in its place or by scooping it into a bucket. Complex systems can be built using primitive mechanical devices, electrical circuits, and logic gates built with an in-game material known as redstone.<sup id="cite_ref-RedstoneComputer_44-0">[36]

Minecraft has two alternative dimensions besides the overworld (the main world): the Nether and the End.<sup id="cite_ref-Eurogamer_41-1">[33]  The Nether is a hell-like dimension accessed via player-built portals; it contains many unique resources and can be used to travel great distances in the overworld.<sup id="cite_ref-45">[37]  The player can build an optional boss mob called the Wither out of materials found in the Nether.<sup id="cite_ref-46">[38]  The End is a barren land consisting of many islands. A boss dragon called the Ender Dragon dwells on the main island.<sup id="cite_ref-47">[39]  Killing the dragon cues the game's ending credits and a poem written by Irish novelist Julian Gough.<sup id="cite_ref-Juilan_Gough_48-0">[40]  Players are then allowed to teleport back to their original spawn point in the overworld and continue the game indefinitely.<sup id="cite_ref-49">[41]

The game consists of five game modes: survival, creative, adventure, hardcore, and spectator. It also has a changeable difficulty system of four levels. For example, the peaceful difficulty prevents hostile creatures from spawning, and the hard difficulty allows players to starve to death if their hunger bar is depleted.<sup id="cite_ref-Controls_and_Settings_50-0">[42] <sup id="cite_ref-jeb110906_51-0">[43]

Survival mode


The crafting menu in Minecraft, showing the crafting pattern of a stone axe as well as some other blocks and items in the player's inventory.

In survival mode, players have to gather natural resources such as wood and stone found in the environment in order to craft certain blocks and items.<sup id="cite_ref-Beginner's_guide_33-3">[26]  Depending on the difficulty, monsters spawn in darker areas outside a certain radius of the character, requiring players to build a shelter at night.<sup id="cite_ref-Beginner's_guide_33-4">[26]  The mode also has a health barwhich is depleted by attacks from monsters, falls, drowning, falling into lava, suffocation, starvation, and other events. Players also have a hunger bar, which must be periodically refilled by eating food in-game, except in peaceful difficulty. If the hunger bar is depleted, automatic healing will stop and eventually health will deplete.<sup id="cite_ref-jeb110906_51-1">[43] Health replenishes when players have a nearly full hunger bar or continuously on peaceful difficulty.

Players can craft a wide variety of items in Minecraft.<sup id="cite_ref-About.com_52-0">[44]  Craftable items include armor, which mitigates damage from attacks; weapons (such as swords), which allows monsters and animals to be killed more easily; and tools, which break certain types of blocks more quickly. Some items have multiple tiers depending on the material used to craft them, with higher-tier items being more effective and durable. Players can construct furnaces, which can cook food, process ores, and convert materials into other materials.<sup id="cite_ref-53">[45]  Players may also trade goods with villager NPCs through a bartering system, which involves trading emeralds for different goods and vice versa.<sup id="cite_ref-Trading_update_54-0">[46] <sup id="cite_ref-Update_May_2012_39-1">[31]

The game has an inventory system, allowing players to carry a limited number of items. Upon dying, items in the players' inventories are dropped, and players re-spawn at their spawn point, which by default is where players first spawn in the game, and can be reset by sleeping in a bed.<sup id="cite_ref-55">[47]  Dropped items can be recovered if players can reach them before they despawn after 5 minutes. Players may acquire experience points by killing mobs and other players, mining, smelting ores, breeding animals, and cooking food. Experience can then be spent on enchanting tools, armor and weapons.<sup id="cite_ref-Controls_and_Settings_50-1">[42]  Enchanted items are generally more powerful, last longer, or have other special effects.<sup id="cite_ref-Controls_and_Settings_50-2">[42]

Hardcore mode is a survival mode variant that is locked to the hardest setting and has permadeath, which permanently deletes the world if the player dies.<sup id="cite_ref-56">[48]  If a player dies on a multiplayer server set to hardcore, they are put into spectator mode.<sup id="cite_ref-57">[49]

Creative mode


An example of a creation constructed in Minecraft

In creative mode, players have access to all resources and items in the game through the inventory menu, and can place or remove them instantly.<sup id="cite_ref-Creative_Mode_58-0">[50]  Players can toggle the ability to fly freely around the game world at will, and their characters do not take any damage and are not affected by hunger.<sup id="cite_ref-Creative_Mode_2_59-0">[51] <sup id="cite_ref-60">[52]  The game mode helps players focus on building and creating projects of any size without disturbance.<sup id="cite_ref-Creative_Mode_58-1">[50]

Adventure mode
Adventure mode was designed specifically so that players could experience user-crafted custom maps and adventures.<sup id="cite_ref-Custom_maps_61-0">[53] <sup id="cite_ref-RPS_–_1.3july_62-0">[54] <sup id="cite_ref-RPS_–_1.3aug_63-0">[55]  Gameplay is similar to survival mode but with various restrictions, which can be applied to the game world by the creator of the map. This forces players to obtain the required items and experience adventures in the way that the map maker intended.<sup id="cite_ref-RPS_–_1.3aug_63-1">[55]  Another addition designed for custom maps is the command block; this block allows map makers to expand interactions with players through scripted server commands.<sup id="cite_ref-Gallegos_64-0">[56]

Spectator mode
Spectator mode allows players to fly through blocks and watch gameplay without directly interacting. Players do not have an inventory, but can teleport to other players and view from the perspective of another player or creature.<sup id="cite_ref-65">[57]  This game mode can only be accessed within the Java or PC edition.

Multiplayer
Multiplayer in Minecraft is available through direct game-to-game multiplayer, LAN play, local split screen, and servers (player-hosted and business-hosted). It enables multiple players to interact and communicate with each other on a single world.<sup id="cite_ref-Multiplayer_servers_66-0">[58]  Players can run their own servers, use a hosting provider, or connect directly to another player's game via Xbox Live. Single-player worlds have local area network support, allowing players to join a world on locally interconnected computers without a server setup.<sup id="cite_ref-67">[59]  Minecraft multiplayer servers are guided by server operators (op for short), who have access to server commands such as setting the time of day and teleporting players. Operators can also set up restrictions concerning which usernames or IP addresses are allowed or disallowed to enter the server.<sup id="cite_ref-Multiplayer_servers_66-1">[58]  Multiplayer servers have a wide range of activities, with some servers having their own unique rules and customs. One of the largest and most popular servers is Hypixel, which has been visited by over 14 million unique players.<sup id="cite_ref-68">[60] <sup id="cite_ref-69">[61]  Player versus player combat (PvP) can be enabled to allow fighting between players.<sup id="cite_ref-pcgamer_minecraft_future_70-0">[62]  Many servers have custom plugins that allow actions that are not normally possible. In 2013, Mojang announced Minecraft Realms, a server hosting service intended to enable players to run server multiplayer games easily and safely without having to set up their own.<sup id="cite_ref-71">[63]  Unlike a standard server, only invited players can join Realms servers, and these servers do not use IP addresses. Minecraft: Java Edition Realms server owners can invite up to twenty people to play on their server, with up to ten players online at a time. Minecraft Realms server owners can invite up to 3000 people to play on their server, with up to ten players online at one time.<sup id="cite_ref-Minecraft_Realms_72-0">[64]  The Minecraft: Java Edition Realms servers do not support user-made plugins, but players can play custom Minecraft maps.<sup id="cite_ref-73">[65]  Minecraft Realms servers support user-made add-ons, resource packs, behavior packs, and custom Minecraft maps.<sup id="cite_ref-Minecraft_Realms_72-1">[64]  At Electronic Entertainment Expo 2016, it was announced that Realms would enable Minecraft to support cross-platform play between Windows 10, iOS, and Android platforms starting in June 2016,<sup id="cite_ref-74">[66]  with Xbox One and Nintendo Switch support to come later in 2017,<sup id="cite_ref-75">[67]  and support for virtual reality devices. On 31 July 2017, Mojang released the beta version of the u